Munzvimbo dzanhasi dzakaoma, dzinomhanya zvikuru, uye dzinowanzo vharwa, kuwana mukana wekuona zvese kwakakosha pakuchengetedza, kutarisa mashandiro, uye kutevedzera mitemo.Vatengesi veNetwork Packet (NPBs)vakashanduka kubva pakugadzira TAP aggregators kuita mapuratifomu akangwara uye akangwara akakosha pakugadzirisa data retraffic uye kuona kuti maturusi ekutarisa nekuchengetedza anoshanda zvakanaka. Heino tarisiro yakadzama yemamiriro avo makuru ekushandisa uye mhinduro:
Dambudziko Guru reNPBs Rinogadziriswa:
Manetwork emazuva ano anogadzira traffic yakawanda. Kubatanidza maturusi ekuchengetedza akakosha uye ekutarisa (IDS/IPS, NPM/APM, DLP, forensics) zvakananga kune network links (kuburikidza neSPAN ports kana TAPs) hakuna kushanda zvakanaka uye kazhinji hakugoneki nekuda kwe:
1. Kuwanda kwezvishandiso: Zvishandiso zvinozadzwa nevanhu vasina basa, zvichideredza mapaketi uye zvipingamupinyi zvisipo.
2. Kusashanda zvakanaka kwezvishandiso: Zvishandiso zvinotambisa zvinhu zvinogadzirisa data rakapetwa kana risingakoshi.
3. Nzvimbo Dzakaoma: Manetwork akapararira (Data Centers, Cloud, Branch Offices) anoita kuti kutarisa kwenzvimbo imwe chete kuve kwakaoma.
4. Nzvimbo Dzisina Kuvharika Dzekuvharidzira: Zvishandiso hazvigone kuongorora traffic yakavharirwa (SSL/TLS) pasina kubvisa cryption.
5. Zvishandiso zveSPAN Zvishoma: Machiteshi eSPAN anoshandisa zvishandiso zveswitch uye kazhinji haakwanise kubata traffic yakazara yemutsetse.
Mhinduro yeNPB: Kugadzirisa Kufambisa Kwemotokari Nehungwaru
MaNPB ari pakati pema TAP/SPAN ports enetwork nezvishandiso zvekutarisa/kuchengetedza. Anoshanda se "mapurisa etraffic" akangwara, achiita:
1. Kuunganidzwa: Sanganisa traffic kubva kune akawanda malink (echokwadi, epamhepo) muzvikamu zvakabatanidzwa.
2. Kusefa: Sarudza chete kutumira traffic yakakodzera kune zvishandiso zvakananga zvichienderana nezvinodiwa (IP/MAC, VLAN, protocol, port, application).
3. Kuenzanisa Mutoro: Goverana kufamba kwemotokari zvakaenzana munzvimbo dzakawanda dzechishandiso chimwe chete (semuenzaniso, masensa eIDS akabatanidzwa) kuti zvikwanise kukura uye kusimba.
4. Kubvisa: Bvisa makopi akafanana emapaketi akatorwa pamalink asina kunyorwa.
5. Kucheka Mapaketi: Kucheka mapaketi (kubvisa mutoro) uku uchichengetedza maheaders, zvichideredza bandwidth kune zvishandiso zvinongoda metadata chete.
6. Kubvisa SSL/TLS: Kugumisa magwaro akavharidzirwa (uchishandisa makiyi), uchiratidza vanhu vakajeka kuti vaone maturusi ekuongorora, wobva waanyorazve.
7. Kudzokorora/Kukanda mifananidzo yakawanda: Tumira traffic stream imwe chete kumaturusi akawanda panguva imwe chete.
8. Kugadziriswa Kwepamusoro: Kubviswa kwemetadata, kugadzirwa kwemafambiro emvura, kudhindwa kwenguva, kuvharwa kwedata rakavanzika (semuenzaniso, PII).
Tsvaga pano kuti uzive zvakawanda nezve modhi iyi:
Mutengesi wePaketi yeMylinking™ Network (NPB) ML-NPB-3440L
16*10/100/1000M RJ45, 16*1/10GE SFP+, 1*40G QSFP uye 1*40G/100G QSFP28, Max 320Gbps
Maitiro Akadzama Ekushandisa & Mhinduro:
1. Kuvandudza Kutarisa Kuchengetedzeka (IDS/IPS, NGFW, Threat Intel):
○ Chiitiko: Zvishandiso zvekuchengetedza zvakazara nehuwandu hwakawanda hwevashanyi vanobva kuEast-West vari mudata center, zvichidonhedza mapaketi uye kushaikwa kwezvipingamupinyi zvekufamba kwepadivi. Vanhu vanovharira traffic yavo vanovanza zvinhu zvakaipa.
○ Mhinduro yeNPB:Wedzera traffic kubva kune zvakakosha mukati meDC links.
* Isa mafirita egranular kuti utumire zvikamu zvinofungidzirwa zvetraffic (semuenzaniso, maports asiri e standard, ma subnet chaiwo) kuIDS.
* Takura chiyero pakati peboka remasensa eIDS.
* Ita SSL/TLS decryption uye tumira traffic yakajeka kuIDS/Threat Intel platform kuti iongororwe zvakadzama.
* Bvisa traffic kubva munzira dzisina kudzoserwa.Mhedzisiro:Mwero wekuona njodzi wakakwira, kuderedzwa kwenhema dzisina kunaka, kushandiswa zvakanaka kwezvishandiso zveIDS.
2. Kugadzirisa Kutarisa Mashandiro (NPM/APM):
○ Mamiriro Ezvinhu: Zvishandiso zveNetwork Performance Monitoring zvinonetseka kubatanidza data kubva kumazana emalink akapararira (WAN, mahofisi ebazi, cloud). Kutora mapaketi akazara eAPM kunodhura zvakanyanya uye kunoda bandwidth yakawanda.
○ Mhinduro yeNPB:
* Unganidza traffic kubva kumaTAP/SPAN akapararira munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana uchienda kujira reNPB riri pakati nepakati.
* Sefa traffic kuti utumire chete ma flows anoenderana neapplication (semuenzaniso, VoIP, critical SaaS) kuma APM tools.
* Shandisa mapaketi ekucheka maturusi eNPM anoda data renguva yekufambiswa kwemashoko (misoro), zvichideredza zvakanyanya kushandiswa kwebandwidth.
* Dzokorora ma key performance metrics kune ese maturusi eNPM neAPM.Mhedzisiro:Maonero ekushanda akaenzana, akaenzana, mitengo yezvishandiso yakaderera, bandwidth overhead yakaderera.
3. Kuonekwa Kwegore (Veruzhinji/Vakavanzika/Vakasanganiswa):
○ Chiitiko: Kushaikwa kwekupinda kweTAP muma cloud eruzhinji (AWS, Azure, GCP). Kuomerwa nekutora nekutungamira traffic yemuchina/container chaiyo kumaturusi ekuchengetedza nekutarisa.
○ Mhinduro yeNPB:
* Isa maNPB chaiwo (vNPBs) mukati menzvimbo yegore.
* VNPBs vanobata virtual switch traffic (semuenzaniso, kuburikidza neERSPAN, VPC Traffic Mirroring).
* Sefa, unganidza, uye wedzera mutoro wakaenzana neEast-West neNorth-South cloud traffic.
* Dzorera zvakachengeteka traffic yakakodzera kune maNPB aripo kana maturusi ekutarisa ari mugore.
* Batanidza nemasevhisi ekuonekwa egore.Mhedzisiro:Kugara kwakachengeteka uye kutarisa mashandiro munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana, zvichikunda zvipingamupinyi zvekuonekwa kwemakore.
4. Kudzivirira Kurasikirwa neData (DLP) & Kutevedzera Mutemo:
○ Mamiriro ezvinhu: Zvishandiso zveDLP zvinofanirwa kuongorora traffic inobuda kuti ione kana paine data rakavanzika (PII, PCI) asi zvakazara netraffic yemukati isina basa. Kutevedzera mitemo kunoda kutarisa kuyerera kwedata kwakarongwa.
○ Mhinduro yeNPB:
* Sefa traffic kuti utumire chete kubuda kwemhepo (semuenzaniso, kwakagadzirirwa internet kana vamwe vaunoshanda navo) kuinjini yeDLP.
* Isa deep packet inspection (DPI) paNPB kuti uone mafambiro ane mhando dzedata dzakagadziriswa uye wodziisa pamberi pechishandiso cheDLP.
* Mask data rinonzwa (semuenzaniso, nhamba dzemakadhi echikwereti) mumapaketipamberikutumira kune zvishandiso zvekutarisa zvisina kunyanya kukosha kuti zvinyoreswe mitemo.Mhedzisiro:Kushanda kweDLP kuri nani, kuderedza zviratidzo zvenhema, kuongororwa kwekutevedzera mitemo kuri nyore, uye kuvanzika kwedata kwakawedzerwa.
5. Kuongororwa kweNetwork Forensics & Kugadzirisa Matambudziko:
○ Chiitiko: Kuziva dambudziko rekushanda kwakaoma kana kutyorwa kwemutemo kunoda kubatwa kwepaketi yakazara (PCAP) kubva panzvimbo dzakawanda nekufamba kwenguva. Kubata nemaoko kunononoka; kuchengeta zvese hazvishande.
○ Mhinduro yeNPB:
* NPBs dzinogona kuchengetedza traffic nguva dzose (pamuganho wemutsetse).
* Gadzirisa zvinokonzeresa (semuenzaniso, mamiriro chaiwo ekukanganisa, kuwedzera kwetraffic, yambiro yekutyisidzira) paNPB kuti ubate otomatiki traffic yakakodzera kune mudziyo wakabatana wekutora mapaketi.
* Sefa traffic inotumirwa kumudziyo wekutora kuti uchengetedze zvinodiwa chete.
* Dzokorora mafambiro emotokari akakosha kune mudziyo wekutora pasina kukanganisa maturusi ekugadzira.Mhedzisiro:Kukurumidza kugadzirisa dambudziko (MTTR) kana paine zvikanganiso/kutyorwa kwemutemo, kubatwa kwemhosva dzakanangana, uye kuderedza mari yekuchengetedza.
Kufunga Nezvekuita Uye Mhinduro:
○Kukwanisa Kukura: Sarudza maNPB ane huwandu hwakakwana hweport density uye throughput (1/10/25/40/100GbE+) kuti ubate traffic iripo uye yeramangwana. Modular chassis inowanzo kupa mukana wakanakisa wekukura. Virtual NPBs inokura zvakanaka mugore.
○Kugona Kusimba: Shandisa maNPB asina kushandiswa (HA pairs) uye nzira dzisina kushandiswa dzinoenda kumaturusi. Iva nechokwadi chekuti mamiriro anoenderana mukugadzirisa kweHA. Shandisa NPB load balancing kuti ugone kutsungirira maturusi.
○Kutungamira & Kuzvigadzira: Maconsole ekutonga akakosha. Tsvaga maAPI (RESTful, NETCONF/YANG) ekubatanidza nemapuratifomu ekugadzira (Ansible, Puppet, Chef) uye masisitimu eSIEM/SOAR ekuchinja kwemitemo kunoenderana nealerts.
○Kuchengetedzwa: Chengetedza NPB management interface. Dzora mukana wekupinda nepakombiyuta zvakasimba. Kana uchibvisa makiyi ekufambisa mashoko, iva nechokwadi chekuti mitemo yakasimba yekufambisa mashoko nekuchengetedza nzira dzekutumira mashoko. Funga nezvekuvhara ruzivo rwakavanzika.
○Kubatanidzwa kweZvishandiso: Iva nechokwadi chekuti NPB inotsigira kubatana kwezvishandiso zvinodiwa (zvishandiso zvepanyama/zvechokwadi, maprotocol). Simbisa kuti zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa zvezvishandiso.
Saka,Vatengesi veNetwork PacketHazvisisiri zvinhu zveumbozha zvekusarudza; zvinhu zvakakosha zvekuvaka network inoonekwa zviri nyore munguva yanhasi. Nekuunganidza, kusefa, kuenzanisa mutoro, uye kugadzirisa traffic, maNPB anopa simba maturusi ekuchengetedza nekutarisa kuti ashande zvakanaka uye nekubudirira. Anoputsa ma silos ekuonekwa, anokunda matambudziko ehukuru ne encryption, uye pakupedzisira anopa kujeka kunodiwa kuchengetedza network, kuve nechokwadi chekuti mashandiro akanaka, kusangana nemirairo yekutevedzera mitemo, uye kugadzirisa matambudziko nekukurumidza. Kuisa hurongwa hwakasimba hweNPB idanho rakakosha pakuvaka network inoonekwa zviri nani, yakachengeteka, uye yakasimba.
Nguva yekutumira: Chikunguru-07-2025
