Nhasi, tichava kutanga nekutarisa paTCP. Pakutanga muchitsauko chiri pamusoro apa, takataura nezve chakakosha. Pazasi peweki uye pazasi, zviri pamusoro pehondo kuti vatore kubatana, zvinoreva kuti komputa yako inoda kuziva kuti imwe komputa iri kuitira kuti ubatanidze. Nekudaro, kutaurirana mune network kunowanzoitika kwekutaurirana kwete kutaurirana kwekutaurirana. Naizvozvo, tcp protocol inosuma pfungwa yechiteshi. Chiteshi chinogona kugarwa nemhando imwe chete, iyo inopa kutaurirana zvakananga pakati pekushandisa maitiro ekunyorera ari kumhanya kune akasiyana mauto.
Basa rekutakura rekutakura ndiyo nzira yekupa zvakananga masevhisi ekukurukurirana pakati pekunyorera maitiro ekunyorera pane akasiyana mauto, saka inozivikanwa zvakare seyekupedzisira-kupedzisa protocol. Iyo yekufambisa yakaona iyo core ruzivo rwewebhukisi, uchibvumira maitiro ekunyorera kuti uone sekunge pane zvine musoro kupedzisira kutaurirana pakati peiyo mbiri yekutakura nzvimbo.
TCP inomira yekutumira kudzora protocol uye inozivikanwa seyenzi-yakatarisana protocol. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kusati kwasati kwatanga kutumira kutumira data kune imwe, maitiro maviri aya anofanira kuita ruoko. Kubata ruoko chiratidzo chakabatana chinovimbisa kutapurirana kwakasimba uye kurongeka kwekutambira kwedata. Munguva yekubatwa ruoko, kubatana kwakatangwa pakati pekunobva ipapo nekumashure nekuchinjana nhevedzano yemapaketi ekudzora uye kubvumirana pane imwe paramita uye mitemo yekuve nechokwadi chekubudirira data.
Chii chinonzi tcp? (MyLinking'sNetwork tapuyeNetwork packet brokerinogona kugadzirisa zvese tcp kana udp mapaketi)
TCP (Transment Controcl protocol) kubatana kwakarongedzwa, akavimbika, byte-rwizi rwakavakirwa kwekutakura kwekutaurirana protocol.
Kubatana-kutenderwa: Kubatanidza-kutenderwa zvinoreva kuti TCP kutaurirana kune-kune-kune-kune-point yekukundikana kutaurirana, iyo inogona kutumira mameseji kune yakawanda hostple panguva imwe chete, saka imwe-yekutaurirana imwe chete haigone kuwanikwa.
Kuvimbika.
Byte-rwizi-rwakavakirwa.
Pane imwe kamwe host b yakaisa kubatana, iyo application chete inoda kushandisa mutsara wekutaurirana kutumira uye kugamuchira data, nokudaro ichiratidza kutapurirana. Iyo tcp protocol ine basa rekudzora mabasa akadai sekubatanidza kuiswa, kudzikiswa, uye kubata. Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti pano tiratidze mutsara unongoreva kubatana, tcp protocol kubatana chete kunoratidza kuti mativi maviri anogona kutanga kuendesa data, uye kuve nechokwadi chekuvimbika kwedata. Iyo yekufambisa uye nodes node inogadziriswa nemidziyo yetiweki; Iyo tcp protocol iyo haina hanya neiyi ruzivo.
Iyo TCP yekubatanidza ibasa rakazara-duplex, zvinoreva kuti rinotambira a uye host b inogona kuendesa data mumativi ese ari maviri mune yeTCP kubatana. Ndizvozvo, data inogona kuendeswa pakati pehutachiona uye host b mune yekubhururuka kuyerera.
TCP kwenguva pfupi inochengetedza data mune yekubatanidza inotumira buffer. Izvi zvinotumira buffer ndeimwe yemapundu akaiswa mukati meiyo nhatu-Way Handshake. Pashure pacho, tcp ichatumira iyo data mune yekutumira cache kune iyo inogamuchira cache yeiyo nzvimbo yekuenda kune yakakodzera nguva. Mukudzidzira, vezera rega rega vachave neanotumira cache uye kugashira cache, sezvakaratidzwa pano:
Iyo yekutumira buffer inzvimbo yekurangarira inochengetwa neTCP kushandisa pane iyo Sender SEATER iyo inoshandiswa kuchitumidzwa kwechinguva chitoro data kuti itumirwe. Kana iyo nhatu-nzira maoko inoitwa kuti iite kubatana, iyo yekutumira cache yakaiswa uye yakashandiswa kuchengeta data. Iyo inotumira buffer ine simba yakagadziridzwa zvinoenderana neseto carestion uye mhinduro kubva kune anogamuchira.
A anogamuchira buffer inzvimbo yekurangarira inochengetwa neTCP kushandisa pane inogamuchira chikamu chinoshandiswa kuchitoro kwechinguvana chenguva. TCP inochengetedza iyo yakagashirwa data mune inogamuchira cache uye yakamirira iyo yekumusoro application kuti uverenge.
Ziva kuti saizi yekutumira cache uye kugashira cache ishoma, apo cache izere, TCP inogona kutora mamwe marongero, yakadai sekutadzisa kudzora, etc., kuve nechokwadi chekuvimbika data kutapurirana uye network kugadzikana.
Mucomputer network, kutapurirana kwedata pakati pevakafambi kunoitwa kuburikidza nezvikwama. Saka chii chinonzi chikero cheketi?
TCP inogadzira yeTCP chikamu, kana checket chikamu, nekukasira rwizi rwunouya mumachunks uye kuwedzera maTCP misoro kune chunk imwe neimwe. Chikamu chimwe nechimwe chinogona kungoiswa kwenguva pfupi yenguva uye haigone kupfuura iyo yakanyanya chikamu (mss). Panzira yayo yekudzika, chikamu chechipfuva chinopfuura kuburikidza neiyo link layer. Iyo link link ine huwandu hwekutapudza nzvimbo (MTU), ndeipi yakakwira packet saizi iyo inogona kupfuura kuburikidza nedata yekubatanidza data. Iyo yakanyanya kutapudza unit inowanzoenderana neyekutaurirana interface.
Saka chii musiyano uripo pakati pemss uye mtu?
Mucomputer network, iyo Hierarchical Architecture yakakosha nekuti inodaidzira misiyano iri pakati pematanho akasiyana. Denga rimwe nerimwe rine zita rakasiyana; Muchikepe chekutakura, iyo data inonzi chikamu, uye mune network layer, iyo data inonzi ip papaketi. Naizvozvo, iyo yakanyanya kutapurirana nayo
Cherekedza kuti kana iyo yakakwira chikamu saizi (mss) yakakura kupfuura iyo nzvimbo yekufambisa (mTU), IPT haizopatsanura data rakakura kuita zvidimbu zvakakodzera Pachave nechikamu pane iyo network network yakatsaurwa kune iyo IP layer.
TCP Packet Segment Chimiro
Ngationgororei chimiro uye zviri mukati meTCP Headers.
Nhamba yenhamba. Munguva yekutapurirana kwedata, iyo inotumira inowedzera nhamba yekutevedzana zvichienderana nehuwandu hwe data rakatumirwa. Iye anogamuchira anotonga kurongeka kweiyo data maererano neakagamuchirwa nhamba yekutevera. Kana iyo data ichiwanikwa kunze kwekurongeka, anogamuchira anozogadzirisa iyo data kuti ive nechokwadi chekurongeka kwe data.
Bvuma nhamba: Iyi inhamba yekutevera inoshandiswa muTCP kuti ibvumidze kugamuchira data. Inoratidza nhamba yekutevera yeiyo inotevera data iyo inotumira inotarisira kugamuchira. MuTCP kubatana, anogamuchira anotema kuti ndeipi data yakagamuchirwa yakabudirira kubva pane iyo sequence nhamba yeiyo yakagashirwa data packet chikamu checapment. Kana iye anogamuchira akabudirira kugamuchira iyo data, inotumira iyo ACK packet kuenda kune inotumira, iyo ine mvumo yekubvuma yekubvuma nhamba. Mushure mekugamuchira iyo ACC packet, mutumwa anogona kuratidza kuti data risati rabvuma nhamba yekupindura yakagamuchirwa.
Iyo control mabheti eCCP chikamu chinosanganisira zvinotevera:
Ack zvishoma: Kana ichi chidimbu chiri 1, zvinoreva kuti kubvuma kwekupindura munda unoshanda. TCP Inotsanangudza kuti izvi zvishoma zvinofanirwa kuiswa kune 1 kunze kwekunge kuongedza mapaketi kana kubatana kwatanga kugadzwa.
Rst bit: Kana zvidiki izvi zviri 1, zvinoratidza kuti pane kunze kweTCP kubatana uye kubatana kunofanirwa kumanikidzwa kuti ubviswe.
Sy: Kana ichi chidiki chakaiswa kusvika ku1, zvinoreva kuti kubatana kunofanirwa kusimbiswa uye kukosha kwekutanga kwehuwandu hwekuteedzera huwandu hwakateedzana munhamba yekutevera.
Zvishoma: Kana ichi chidimbu chiri 1, zvinoreva kuti hapasisina data rinotumirwa mune ramangwana uye kubatana kunodiwa.
Mabasa akasiyana siyana uye hunhu hweTCP anoiswa nehurumende yeTCP Packet zvikamu zvikamu.
Chii chinonzi udp? (MyLinking'sNetwork tapuyeNetwork packet brokerinogona kugadzirisa zvese tcp kana udp mapaketi)
Mushandisi Dataagram protocol (UDP) ndeyekusawirirana kutaurirana protocol. Kuenzaniswa neTCP, UDP haina kupa zvakashata control matanho maitiro. Iyo UDP protocol inobvumira kunyorera kutumira zvakananga kuchenesa IP mapaketi pasina kutanga kubatana. Kana iyo yekuvandudza inosarudza kushandisa UDP panzvimbo yeTCP, iyo application inotaurirana zvakananga neiyo IP.
Iro zita rizere reUDP protocol is usser datocol protocol, uye musoro wayo anongova mitezo misere chete (64 mabheti), iyo inokakavara. Chimiro cheiyo UDP musoro ndeyekutevera:
Kuenda uye Source Ports: Chinangwa chavo chikuru ndechekuratidza kuti ndeipi process udp inofanirwa kutumira mapaketi.
Saizi saizi: Iyo Packet saizi shamba inobata saizi yeUDP musoro pamwe nehukuru hwe data
Cheki.
Misiyano pakati peTCP uye UDP mune MyLinking'sNetwork tapuyeNetwork packet brokerinogona kugadzirisa zvese tcp kana udp mapaketi
TCP uye UDP akasiyana mune zvinotevera zvinhu:
Kubatana. UDP, kune rumwe rutivi, haidi kubatana uye inogona kuendesa data nekukurumidza.
Chinhu chebasa. Nekudaro, udp inotsigira imwe-ye-imwe, imwe-kune-yakawanda, uye yakawanda-kune vazhinji-kune-vazhinji vanofambidzana kutaurirana, izvo zvinogona kutaurirana nema hostple yakawanda panguva imwe chete.
Kuvimbika. UDP, kune rumwe rutivi, inoita nesimba rayo rakanakisa uye haavimbisi kutumirwa kwakasimba. UDP inogona kutambura nekurasikirwa kwedata uye mamwe mamiriro panguva yekuendesa.
Kudzora Kudzora, Kuyerera Kudzora. UDP haina Coression Kudzora uye kuyerera kudzora maitiro, kunyangwe iyo network yakamanikidzwa kwazvo, haizogadzirise kune iyo UDP yekutumira chiyero.
Musoro pamusoro. UDP, kune rumwe rutivi, ine musoro wakarongedzwa wemasere chete masere, saka Udp ine musoro wepasi pamusoro.
TCP uye UDP Kushandisa Zviitiko:
TCP uye UDP ndiyo maviri akasiyana ekutakura matanda emafoto, uye vane mamwe misiyano mumamiriro ekushandisa.
Sezvo TCP ndeye protocol-yakatenderwa, inonyanya kushandiswa mune zviitiko zvinovimbika data kuburitswa inodiwa. Zvimwe zviitiko zvinowanzoitika zvinosanganisira:
FTP faira kuendesa: TCP inogona kuve nechokwadi chekuti mafaera haana kurasika uye akashatiswa panguva yekuchinjisa.
Http / https: TCP inovimbisa kutendeka uye kurongeka kwewebhu zvemukati.
Nekuti udp ndeye protocol isingabatsiri, haina kupa kuvimbika vimbiso, asi ine hunhu hwekushanda uye chaiyo-nguva. UDP yakakodzera mamiriro anotevera:
Yakaderera-packet traffic, yakadai seDNS (domain zita system).
Multimedia kutaurirana senge vhidhiyo uye odhiyo: Zvekutengeswa multimedies neyekare-nguva chaiyo-nguva, UDP inogona kupa yakaderera latency kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti data inogona kuendeswa nenzira yakakodzera.
Broadcast Kukurukurirana.
Pfupiso
Nhasi takadzidza nezveTCP. TCP ndeyekubatana, yakavimbika, byte-rwizi rwakavakirwa kwekufambisa kwekutaurirana protocol. Iyo inovimbisa kutapurirana kwakavimbika uye kurongeka kwekugamuchira data nekutanga kubatana, ruoko uye kubvuma. TCP Protocol inoshandisa madoko kuti uzive kutaurirana pakati pemaitiro, uye inopa zvakananga masevhisi ekukurukurirana kwemaitiro ekunyorera anomhanya kune akasiyana maHost. TCP kubatana kwakazara-duplex, kubvumira panguva imwe chete bideirectional data shanduko. Mukupesana, Udp is a listingless kutaurirana kutaurirana protocol, iyo isingapi kuvimbisa kuvimbisa uye yakakodzera kune zvimwe zviitiko zvine mimwe mimwe chaiyo-nguva zvinodiwa. TCP uye UDP yakasiyana mumhando yekubatanidza, chinhu chebasa, kuvimbika, kudzora kwekutonga, kudzora kwezvinhu uye zvimwe zvinhu, uye zviitiko zvavo zvekushandisa, uye zviitiko zvavo zvinosiyana zvakare zvakasiyana.
Kutumira Nguva: Dec-03-2024
