TCP kuvimba kwekuvimbika
Isu tese takajairana neTCP protocol seyakavimbika yekutakura protocol, asi zvinoita sei kuti kuvimbika kwekutakura?
Kuti uwane kuvimbika kutapukirwa, zvinhu zvakawanda zvinoda kufungwa nezvazvo, sekuora kwedatru data, kurasikirwa, kudzokorora, uye kunze-kwe-ye-order shard. Kana matambudziko aya asingakwanise kugadziriswa, kutapurwa kusingakwanisike hakugone kuwanikwa.
Naizvozvo, tcp inoshandisa nzira dzakadai seyakaenzana nhamba, Bvuma Mhinduro, Resend Control, Kubatanidza manejimendi, uye yeWindows Contraction yekukoshesa kutapurirana.
Mupepa rino, isu tichatarisa pane hwindo rinotsvedza, kuyerera kudzora uye kudzora kweTCP. Iyo yekudzokorora michina yakafukidzwa zvakasiyana muchikamu chinotevera.
Network inoyerera kutonga
Network kuyerera kudzora kana kuziva se network traffic traffic ndeye kuratidzwa kwehukama hwekushamwaridzana pakati pevanogadzira uye vatengi. Iwe unogona kunge uchisvika pane ino mamiriro ezvinhu zvakanyanya pabasa kana mukubvunzana. Kana kugona kwe procers kuchibereka zvakapfuura zvakanyanya kuwanda kwemutengi kuti vadya, zvichaita kuti queue ichakura zvisingaperi. Mune imwe nyaya yakakomba, iwe unogona kuziva kuti apo rabitmq message pile kumusoro zvakanyanya, inogona kukonzera kusvibiswa kwemubatanidzwa weiyo mqal server. Izvi ndizvo zvakaitikawo kune tcp; Kana ikasiyiwa isina kubikwa, uye vatengi vachange vaine setiweki, uye vatengi vachange vawedzera kugona kwavo, ivo vairamba vachiramba vachitumira mameseji, izvo zvichakanganisa zvikuru mashandiro emuneti.
Kugadzirisa izvi phenomenon, tcp inopa michina yemutumwa kudzora huwandu hwe data yakatumirwa yakavakirwa pane inogamuchira, iyo inozivikanwa seinowanzoita kuti ifambe. Anogamuchira anochengeta gwaro rekugamuchira, nepo mutumwa achichengetedza tumhepo tuma. Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti mahwindo aya anongova ega yeTCP kubatana uye kwete ese kubatana kugovana newindo.
TCP inopa kuyerera kudzora nekushandisa kushanduka kwehwindo rekugamuchira. Iyo yekugamuchira hwindo inopa iyo inotumira chiratidzo chekuti ingani cache nzvimbo ichiripo. Iye anotumira anotonga huwandu hwe data rakatumirwa zvinoenderana nekubvumirana chaiko kwekugamuchira kweanogamuchira.
Anogamuchira anogamuchira anozivisa kuti anotumira kwehukuru hwe data iyo inogona kugamuchira, uye mutumiri anotumira kusvika kune ino muganho. Iyi muganho ihukuru hwindo, rangarira iyo TCP musoro? Iko kune gamuchira yepawindo remunda, iyo inoshandiswa kuratidza iyo nhamba yemabheneketi anogamuchira kana achida kugamuchira.
Iyo yekutumira inotumira nguva nenguva inotumira hwindo probe procket, iyo inoshandiswa kuona kana iye anogamuchira anogamuchira achiri kukwanisa kugamuchira data. Kana iyo yekudhinda yeanogamuchira iri mungozi yekufashukira, saizi yewindo yakaiswa kune yakakosha kukosha kuraira mutumende kudzora huwandu hwe data rakatumirwa.
Heino teti yetiweki yekudzora:
Network carestion control
Tisati tasuma kudzora kwekutonga, tinoda kuti tinzwisise kuti kuwedzera kune hwindo uye newindo rekutumira, panewo hwindo rekugadzirisa, iro rinonyanya kushandiswa kugadzirisa dambudziko racho rinotanga kutumira data kune gwaro rekugamuchira. Naizvozvo, hwindo reKongedzeka rinochengetwawo neTCP kutumira. Isu tinoda algorithm yekusarudza kuti yakawanda sei data yakakodzera kutumira, sezvo kutumira zvidiki kana data rakawandisa haina kunaka, saka pfungwa yewindo rekutadza.
MuThe Nett Network Kuyerera Kudzora, izvo zvatakadzivisa ndiye mutumwa achizadza cache yeakagamuchira nedata, asi isu hatina kuziva kuti chii chaiitika mune network. Kazhinji, makomputa network ari munzvimbo yakagovaniswa. Nekuda kweizvozvo, panogona kunge paine network carnestion nekuda kwekutaurirana pakati pemamwe mauto.
Kana iyo network ikasungwa, kana nhamba huru yemapaketi ichiramba ichitumirwa, inogona kukonzera matambudziko akadai sekunonoka uye kurasikirwa nemapaketi. Panguva ino, TCP ichadzosera data, asi kudzoreredzwa kunowedzera mutoro kune network, zvichikonzera kunonoka kwakakura uye kuwedzera kwepaketi kurasikirwa. Izvi zvinogona kupinda mukutenderera kunotyisa uye kuramba uchikura.
Saka, TCP haigone kufuratira izvo zviri kuitika pane network. Kana iyo network yakamanikidzwa, tcp zvibayiro pachavo nekuderedza huwandu hwe data inotumira.
Naizvozvo, kudzora kwekutonga kunogadziriswa, izvo zvinangwa zvekudzivisa kuzadza iyo network network nedata kubva kune inotumira. Kuti utore huwandu hwe data iyo inotumira inofanirwa kutumira, TCP inotsanangura pfungwa inonzi hwindo reCongeniction. Iyo Congestion Control Allgorithm ichagadzirisa hukuru hwewindowisa hwindo zvichienderana nehuwandu hweseti yetiweki, kuitira kuti udzore huwandu hwe data yakatumirwa nedare.
Ndeipi hwindo rekumanikidza? Izvi zvine chekuita nei newindo rekutumira?
Iyo hwindo reCongenic ndeye mamiriro ehurumende inochengetwa nemutengesi inotarisisa huwandu hwe data iyo inotumira inogona kutumira inogona kutumira. Iyo hwindo reCocongen rinochinja zvine simba zvinoenderana nehuwandu hwekudyidzana kwe network.
Iko kutumira kwohwindo kwakabvumiranwa pane hwindo saizi pakati pesender uye kunogamuchira iyo inoratidza huwandu hwe data iyo inogamuchira inogona kugamuchira. Hwindo reCoconges uye iyo yekutumira inoenderana; Iyo yekutumira inowanzoenzana neyakaenzana neyakaenzana uye kugamuchira Windows, ndiko kuti, SWND = min (CWND, RWND).
Iyo tindowson windows cwnd shanduko seinotevera:
Kana pasina kugunun'una mune network, kureva, hapana nguva yekudzosera nguva inoitika, hwindo reCongen rinowedzera.
Kana paine kugunun'una mune network, hwindo reCongen rinoderera.
Iyo inotumira inosarudza kana iyo network yakamanikidzwa nekuona kana iyo Ack Ack Kubvuma Packet inogamuchirwa mukati menguva yakatarwa. Kana iye anotumira haagamuchire iyo ACC mvumo packet mukati menguva yakatarwa, inoonekwa kuti network yakamanikidzwa.
Kuwedzera kune hwindo reCongeniction, inguva yekukurukura iyo TCP Congention Control Allgorithm. TCP Congeniction Control Allgorithm ine zvikamu zvitatu zvikuru:
Unononoka Kutanga:Pakutanga, iyo CWND Caression hwindo iri diki, uye mutumwa anowedzera iyo question hwindo rekuwedzera kukurumidza kuenderana nekugona kwe network.
Congestion Dregance:Pashure pokunge kugunun'una kunopfuura chimwe chikumbaridzo, iyo inotumira inowedzera hwindo reCongenic mune mutsara wekudzora huwandu hwekukura kwewindows uye dzivisa kudzora network.
Kupora nekukurumidza:Kana kuiswa kukaitika, iyo inotumira inogumisa hwindo reCongenm uye inopinda mudenga rekupora rekupora kuti uone nzvimbo yekudzoreredza network kuburikidza neyakagashira masaini, uye ndokuenderera mberi nekuwedzera hwindo reCongeniction.
Inononoka kutanga
Kana iyo TCP yekubatanidza yasimbiswa, iyo nzvimbo yewindoc cwnd inotanga kuiswa kune mashoma mss (Maximum yechikuru saizi) kukosha. Nzira iyi, yekutanga yekutumira chiyero ndeye mss / rtt mabheti / yechipiri. Iyo chaiyo iripo bandwidth inowanzo kuve yakakura kupfuura mss / rtt, saka TCP inoda kuwana iyo yakakwana yekutumira chiyero, iyo inogona kuwanikwa nenzira yekuisa zvishoma.
Mukukosha-kutanga-kukosha kwehwindo rewindo reConnd kuchatanga kusvika 1 msnd chikamu chinogamuchirwa, kukosha kweCWNG kunozowedzerwa neiyo msn, ndiko kuti, kukosha kweCWND kuchava 2 msnd. Mushure meizvozvo, kukosha kweCWND kwakapetwa kaviri kune imwe neimwe yakabudirira kutapurirana kwechikamu chepaketi, uye zvichingodaro. Iyo chaiyo kukura maitiro inoratidzwa mune inotevera nhamba.
Nekudaro, iyo yekutumira inotumira haigoni kugara ichikura; Kukura kunofanira kupera imwe nguva. Saka, kutumira rateki rinowedzera rini? Kutangisa-kutanga kazhinji kunopedzisira kuwedzera kuwedzera kwekutumira mune imwe nzira dzinoverengeka:
Nzira yekutanga ndiyo nyaya yekurasikirwa kwepaketi panguva yekutumira kwekutanga kwekutanga kutanga. Kana kuraswa kwepaketi kunoitika, TCP inoisa iyo Sender's Congension hwindo CWND kune 1 uye inotangazve iyo inononoka-kutanga maitiro. Panguva ino, pfungwa yekunonoka kutanga chikumbaridzo ssthresh yakaunzwa, iyo yekutanga kukosha ndeye hafu yekukosha kweCWND iyo inogadzira mapaketi. Ndokunge, kana kuganwa kwakaonekwa, kukosha kwe ssthresh hafu yeiyo yewindows.
Nzira yechipiri ndeyekuenderana zvakananga nekukosha kwekutanga zvishoma-kutanga nharo ssthresh. Sezvo kukosha kwe ssthresh hafu yekukosha kweWindows kana kuiswa kuiswa kuwonekwa, kuparadzira kwepaketi kunogona kuitika nekupokana neimwe cwnd yakakura kupfuura ssthresh pane ssthresh. Naizvozvo, zvakanaka kuti uise CWND kune ssthresh, iyo ichakonzera TCP kuti ishandure kudzora kudzora maitiro uye kupera zvishoma-kutanga.
Nzira yekupedzisira iyo inotanga kunonoka inogona kupera ndeyekuti kana matatu matsvina ekutsikisa anoonekwa, TCP inoita yekukurumidza kudzoreredzwa uye inopinda mukati mekupora mamiriro. .
Kuzvidzivirira Kudzivisa
TCP inopinda munzvimbo yekudzora congment, CWND yakaiswa kune hafu yeCocession Testhresh. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kukosha kweCWND hakugone kupetwa kaviri nguva imwe neimwe yechipatara chikamu chinogamuchirwa. Panzvimbo iyoyo, nzira yekuchengetedza inogamuchirwa mune iyo kukosha kweCWN inowedzera neye imwe chete mss (yakakwira packet segment kureba) mushure mekutapurwa kwese kwapera. Semuenzaniso, kunyangwe kana gumi packet zvikamu zvinobvumirwa, kukosha kweCWND kuchangowedzera chete neiyo mss. Iyi ndiyo mutsara wekukura kwemhando uye zvakare ine yakasungwa yepamusoro pakukura. Kana kuparadzira kwepaketi kunoitika, kukosha kweCWND kunoshandurwa kusvika kune mss, uye kukosha kwe ssthresh kunoiswa kune hafu yeCWND. Kana kuti ichamisawo kukura kweMSS kana 3 redundant ack mhinduro dzinogamuchirwa. Kana matatu maAcksant maAcks achiri kugashira mushure mekukosha kweCWND, kukosha kweSsthresh kwakanyorwa sehafu kukosha kweCWND uye iyo yekukurumidza kudzoreredza nyika yakapinda.
Kupora nekukurumidza
Mukupora kudzoreredza nyika, kukosha kweiyo congenes window yewindoc inowedzera neye imwe mss kune yega yega yakagamuchirwa redundant ack, izvo, ack iyo isingasviki kutevedzana. Izvi ndezve kushandisa zvikamu zvepaketi zvakabudirira kutapurwa mune network kuti uvandudze kugona kwekutapurirana zvakanyanya sezvinobvira.
Kana ACT yeiyo yakarasika packet secarives, TCP inoderedza kukosha kweCWND uye wozopinda zvinodzivisa kudzivisa mamiriro. Uku ndiko kudzora saizi yewindows yewindows uye kudzivirira kuwedzera kuwedzera network comestion.
Kana nguva yekubva yaitika mushure mekudzora mamiriro ekudzora, iyo nzvimbo yetiweki inova yakakomba uye tcp inotama kubva mukudzivirirwa kwekutambisa mamiriro ekunze kune iyo inononoka-kutanga mamiriro. Mune ino kesi, kukosha kwewindow rewindoc yakaiswa kusvika ku1 mss, iyo yakakwira pagic yechidimbu chidimbu, uye kukosha kwekutanga-kutanga-kutanga, kusimuka ssthresh yakagadzirirwa hafu yeCWND. Chinangwa cheichi ndechekuwedzera zvishoma kukura kwehwindo reCongeniction riya mushure mekunge network ichikoreka kuyera chiyero chekutapurika uye huwandu hwesangano rekusungwa.
Pfupiso
Semunhu akavimbika protocol, TCP inoshandisa kutakura yakavimbika kutakura nehuwandu hwekutevedzana, kubvuma, kudzorera kutonga, kwekubatanidza manejimendi uye hwindo kutonga uye hwindo kutonga uye hwindo kutonga uye hwindo kutonga uye hwindo rekutonga uye hwindo rekutonga uye hwindo kutonga uye hwindo rekutonga uye hwindo rekutonga uye hwindo rekutonga uye hwindo rekutonga uye hwindo rekutonga uye hwindo rekutonga uye hwindo rekutonga uye hwindo kutonga uye hwindo rekutonga uye hwindo rekutonga uye hwindo rekutonga uye hwindo rekutonga uye hwindo rekutonga uye hwindo rekutonga uye hwindo rekutonga uye hwindo rekutonga uye hwindo rekutonga uye hwindo rekutonga uye hwindo rekutonga uye hwindo rekutonga uye hwindo rekutonga uye hwindo rekutonga uye hwindo rekutonga uye hwindo rekutonga uye hwindo rekutonga uye hwindo rekutonga uye hwindo rekutonga uye hwindo rekutonga uye hwindo rekutonga uye hwindo rekutonga uye hwindo rekutonga. Pakati pavo, iyo yekuyerera mashini inodzora huwandu hwe data inotumirwa neyekutumira zvinoenderana nekugamuchira chaiko kweanogamuchira, ayo anodzivisa matambudziko ezvematongerwo enyika uye kuita kwekuita. Iko kudzora congenism mechanism inodzivirira kuitika kwe network constires nekugadzirisa huwandu hwe data yakatumirwa neyekutumira. Pfungwa dzekutumira hwindo uye kutumira hwindo zvine hukama neumwe, uye huwandu hwe data kumutumira hunodzorwa neine simba kugadzirisa saizi yewindows. Kutanga kutanga, kudzivisa kudzvinyirira uye kupora katatu nhatu zvikamu zveTCP Congenm Constims
Muchikamu chinotevera, isu tichaongorora TCP's Retransmismed Mechancism zvakadzama. Retransment mechanism chikamu chakakosha cheTCP kuti uwane kuvimbika kutapurirana. Iyo inovimbisa kutenderwa kwakavimbika kwe data nekudzokorora yakarasika, yakashatiswa kana yakanonoka data. Nheyo yekushandisa uye zano reiyo retranmy mechanism ichaunzwa uye kuongororwa zvakadzama muchikamu chinotevera. Garai tuned!
Kutumira Nguva: Kukadzi-24-2025
