Munhu wese muhupenyu angangosangana neIT neOT pronoun, tinofanira kunge tichiziva IT zvakanyanya, asi OT ingave isina kujairika, saka nhasi kuti ndikuudzei dzimwe dzepfungwa huru dzeIT neOT.
Chii chinonzi Operational Technology (OT)?
Tekinoroji yekushanda (OT) ikushandisa hardware nesoftware kutarisa nekudzora mashandiro emuviri, zvishandiso, uye zvivakwa. Masisitimu etekinoroji yekushanda anowanikwa muzvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinoda midziyo yakawanda. Vari kuita mabasa akasiyana-siyana kubva pakutarisa zvivakwa zvakakosha (CI) kusvika pakudzora marobhoti ari papurazi rekugadzira.
OT inoshandiswa mumaindasitiri akasiyana-siyana anosanganisira kugadzira, mafuta negesi, kugadzira nekuparadzira magetsi, ndege, zvemugungwa, njanji, uye makambani emagetsi.
IT (Information Technology) neOT (Operational Technology) mazwi maviri anowanzo shandiswa muindasitiri, anomiririra tekinoroji yeruzivo uye tekinoroji yekushanda, uye pane misiyano yakati wandei nekubatana pakati pawo.
IT (Information Technology) zvinoreva tekinoroji inosanganisira hardware yemakombiyuta, software, network uye data management, iyo inonyanya kushandiswa kugadzirisa nekutarisira ruzivo rwebhizinesi pamwe nemaitiro ebhizinesi. IT inonyanya kutarisa pakugadzirisa data, kutaurirana ne network, kugadzira software uye kushanda nekugadzirisa mabhizinesi, akadai se internal office automation systems, database management systems, network equipment, nezvimwewo.
Tekinoroji yeKushanda (OT) inoreva tekinoroji ine chekuita nekushanda chaiko, iyo inonyanya kushandiswa kubata nekudzora michina yemumunda, maitiro ekugadzira maindasitiri, uye masisitimu ekuchengetedza. OT inotarisa pazvinhu zvekudzora otomatiki, kutarisa kwekutarisa, kuwanikwa kwedata uye kugadziriswa panguva chaiyo pamitsetse yekugadzira mafekitori, senge masisitimu ekudzora kugadzirwa (SCADA), masensa nemaactuator, uye mapuroteni ekutaurirana emaindasitiri.
Kubatana kuripo pakati peIT neOT ndekwekuti tekinoroji nemasevhisi eIT zvinogona kupa rutsigiro nekuvandudza OT, zvakaita sekushandiswa kwemakomputa network nemasoftware systems kuti zvikwanise kutarisa nekutarisira michina yeindasitiri kure; Panguva imwe chete, data renguva chaiyo uye mamiriro ekugadzira eOT zvinogonawo kupa ruzivo rwakakosha rwezvisarudzo zvebhizinesi reIT uye kuongorora data.
Kubatanidzwa kweIT neOT inzira yakakoshawo mumunda weindasitiri uripo iye zvino. Nekubatanidza tekinoroji nedata reIT neOT, kugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri kwakanyatsonaka uye kwakangwara uye manejimendi ekushanda anogona kuwanikwa. Izvi zvinoita kuti mafekitori nemabhizinesi agone kupindura zviri nani kushanduko dzemusika, kuvandudza kushanda zvakanaka uye mhando yekugadzira, uye kuderedza mitengo nenjodzi.
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Chii chinonzi OT Security?
Kuchengetedzeka kweOT kunotsanangurwa semaitiro nematekinoroji anoshandiswa ku:
(a) Kudzivirira vanhu, pfuma, neruzivo,
(b) Kutarisa uye/kana kudzora zvishandiso, maitiro nezviitiko, uye
(c) Kutanga shanduko dzemamiriro ezvinhu kumasisitimu eOT emakambani.
Mhinduro dzekuchengetedza dzeOT dzinosanganisira matekinoroji akasiyana-siyana ekuchengetedza kubva kumadziro emoto echizvarwa chinotevera (NGFWs) kusvika kumasisitimu eruzivo rwekuchengetedza uye manejimendi ezviitiko (SIEM) kusvika pakuwanikwa kweruzivo nekutarisira, nezvimwe zvakawanda.
Kare, kuchengetedzwa kwepamhepo kweOT kwaisakosha nekuti masisitimu eOT aisabatanidzwa neinternet. Saka, aisasangana nematambudziko ekunze. Sezvo zvirongwa zvekuvandudza tekinoroji (DI) zvakawedzera uye network dzeIT OT dzakasangana, masangano aiwanzo gadzirisa matambudziko chaiwo kuti agadzirise matambudziko chaiwo.
Maitiro aya ekuchengetedza OT akakonzera network yakaoma apo mhinduro dzaisagona kugovera ruzivo uye kupa pachena kwakazara.
Kazhinji, manetwork eIT neOT anochengetwa akasiyana izvo zvinoita kuti pave nekutevedzera mabasa ekuchengetedza uye kusaita zvinhu pachena. Manetwork aya eIT OT haakwanise kutevera zviri kuitika munzvimbo yese yekurwiswa.
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Kazhinji, manetwork eOT anoshuma kuCOO uye manetwork eIT anoshuma kuCIO, zvichikonzera kuti mapoka maviri ekuchengetedza network rimwe nerimwe richengetedze hafu yenetwork yese. Izvi zvinogona kuita kuti zviome kuziva miganhu yenzvimbo yekurwiswa nekuti mapoka aya akasiyana haazive zvakabatana nenetwork yavo. Kuwedzera pakuoma kwekutonga zvinobudirira, manetwork eOT IT anosiya mipata mikuru mukuchengetedza.
Sezvinotsanangurwa nzira yaro yekuchengetedza OT, ndeyekuona njodzi pachine nguva uchishandisa ruzivo rwakazara rwemamiriro ezvinhu eIT neOT networks.
IT (Information Technology) vs. OT (Operational Technology)
Tsanangudzo
IT (Tekinoroji Yeruzivo): Zvinoreva kushandiswa kwemakomputa, network, uye software yekutarisira data neruzivo mubhizinesi uye mamiriro esangano. Zvinosanganisira zvese kubva kuhardware (maseva, ma routers) kusvika kune software (maapplication, databases) inotsigira mashandiro ebhizinesi, kutaurirana, uye manejimendi yedata.
OT (Tekinoroji Yekushanda): Inosanganisira hardware nesoftware inoona kana kukonzera shanduko kuburikidza nekutarisa zvakananga uye kudzora zvishandiso, maitiro, uye zviitiko musangano. OT inowanzo kuwanikwa muzvikamu zvemaindasitiri, zvakaita sekugadzira, simba, uye kutakurwa, uye inosanganisira masisitimu akaita seSCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) uye PLCs (Programmable Logic Controllers).
Misiyano Yakakosha
| Chikamu | IT | OT |
| Chinangwa | Kutarisira uye kugadzirisa data | Kudzora maitiro emuviri |
| Kutarisa | Masisitimu eruzivo uye kuchengetedzwa kwedata | Kuzvigadzira otomatiki uye kutarisa michina |
| Zvakatipoteredza | Mahofisi, nzvimbo dzedata | Mafekitori, nzvimbo dzemaindasitiri |
| Mhando dzeData | Data redhijitari, magwaro | Ruzivo rwenguva chaiyo kubva kumasensa nemichina |
| Kuchengetedzwa | Kuchengetedzwa kwepaindaneti nekuchengetedzwa kwedata | Kuchengetedzeka uye kuvimbika kwezvirongwa zvemuviri |
| Maitiro ekushandisa | HTTP, FTP, TCP/IP | Modbus, OPC, DNP3 |
Kubatanidzwa
Nekukura kweIndustry 4.0 neInternet of Things (IoT), kubatana kweIT neOT kuri kuva chinhu chakakosha. Kubatanidzwa uku kwakanangana nekusimudzira kushanda zvakanaka, kuvandudza ongororo yedata, uye kugonesa kuita sarudzo dziri nani. Zvisinei, zvinounzawo matambudziko ane chekuita nekuchengetedzwa kwemakombiyuta, sezvo masisitimu eOT aiwanzo paradzaniswa nemanetiweki eIT.
Nyaya Yakabatana:Internet yako yezvinhu inoda Network Packet Broker yekuchengetedzwa kweNetwork
Nguva yekutumira: Gunyana-05-2024
